/ Module 1 Introduction /

 

Consumer behaviour refers to ______________ and what they think when they buy a product that meets their needs.

1. Need of customers
2. Research of customers
3. Study of customers
4. All the above

 

Consumer purchasing behaviours could lead to a ______________.

1. Greater standard of life
2. Lower standard of life
3. Standard of life
4. None of the above

 

What are the external influences on purchasing decisions?

1. Religious
2. Political
3. Family and friends
4. Religious, political, family, friends, co-workers, clubs and associations

 

_______________is the study of groups of individuals.

1. Anthropology
2. Sociology
3. Cultural
4. Personal

 

Consumer behaviour refers to the study of _________________

1. People’s buying habits
2. Habits
3. Buying
4. People's lifestyle

 

Consumer behaviour is the focus of _____________________.

1. Economics
2. Sociology
3. Business
4. Marketer

 

__________ determines whether a brand succeeds or fails. Customer happiness must be at the forefront of your customer strategy in today's competitive world of a plethora of companies.

1. Customer satisfaction
2. Satisfaction
3. Consumer
4. Customer Dissatisfaction

 

__________________ is the study of the impact of society on individuals, such as cultural and cross-cultural issues in purchasing behaviour, national and regional cultures and so on.

1. Cultural Anthropology
2. Social
3. Cultural
4. Anthropology

 

_______________ is legal in the eyes of the law and is based on everyone's best interests and promotes societal welfare.

1. Ethical behaviour
2. Legal behaviour
3. Ethical consumer behaviour
4. Social behaviour

 

_________________ refers to a company's capacity to convert one-time customers into recurring customers and keep them from switching to a competitor.

1. Customer retention
2. Consumer
3. Potential customers
4. Churn

 

One of the most fundamental impacts on an individual's needs, wants, and behaviour is _________.

1. Brand
2. Culture
3. Product
4. Price

 

The consumer is ______________ if the performance matches their expectations.

1. Satisfied
2. Dissatisfied
3. Delighted
4. Happy

 

The customer or consumer is __________when actual performance exceeds the expected performance of the product.

1. Happy
2. Satisfied
3. Dissatisfied
4. Delighted

 

It is known as_____________________ when goods and services are purchased for use in the production or assembly of items that are sold and supplied to others.

1. Consumer Buyer Behaviour
2. Individual Buyer Behaviour
3. Business Buyer Behaviour
4. Secondary Buyer Behaviour

 

In terms of consumer behaviour, culture, social class, and reference group influences have been related to purchase and_______________.

1. Economic situations
2. Situational influences
3. Consumption decisions
4. Physiological influences

 

Which of the following is the most accurate representation of a subculture?

1. A religion
2. A group of close friends
3. Your university
4. A fraternity

 

The term "culture" refers to a group of people who live in a group where the norms are strongly ingrained in their members.

1. A high-context culture
2. A repressive culture
3. A low-context culture
4. None of the above

 

/ Module 2 External Influences on Buying Behaviour

 

 

In terms of purchasing habits, one's friends and relatives could be classified as:

1. Impersonal influence
2. Reference group influence
3. Perceptual influence
4. Institutional influence

 

Which of the following mental states can be regarded as affective?

1. Attitudes
2. Opinions
3. Values
4. Conative

 

_______________are the organisations that a person tends to utilise as an anchor point for judging his or her own views and attitudes.

1. Reference groups
2. Consumer groups
3. Social Groups
4. Customer groups

 

___________ is when we are not entirely happy with our purchase after buying it, and we are motivated to re-evaluate our beliefs and opinions about the purchase.

1. Cognitive dissonance
2. Post-purchase analysis
3. Evaluative dissonance
4. Affective distress

 

A consumer can engage in a variety of ways to alleviate cognitive dissonance after making a purchase. These are some of them:

1. Selecting forgetting information
2. Minimising the importance of an issue, decision or act
3. Reversing a purchase decision, for instance by taking a product or selling it
4. All of these

 

Which of the following is not one of the three types of influencers discovered by marketing agency Razor fish at various stages of the proposition acquisition process?

1. Social influence
2. Key influencers
3. Known peer influencers
4. Reference influencers

 

The process of separating meaningful information from irrelevant data is called as _____________.

1. Picking
2. Proposition of evaluation
3. Routine
4. Selective exposure

 

Which of the following processes is not essential to understanding how customers think about and learn about product sand brands?

1. Cognition
2. Perception
3. Learning
4. Personality

 

The desire for ______________ is the level of Maslow's requirements hierarchy that a person is in when they are striving to satisfy their most fundamental wants.

1. Self-actualisation
2. Esteem needs
3. Physiological needs
4. Belongingness

 

Which of the following is not a step in the process of acquiring a consumer proposition?

1. Motive development
2. Information gathering
3. Proposition evaluation
4. Perception

 

Which of the following mental states can be regarded as affective?

1. Attitudes
2. Opinions
3. Values
4. Conative

 

Which of the following processes is not essential for understanding how customers think and learn about products and brands?

1. Cognition
2. Perception
3. Learning
4. Personality

 

In terms of purchasing habits, one's friends and relatives could be classified as:

1. Impersonal influence
2. Reference group influence
3. Perceptual influence
4. Institutional influence

 

A consumer can engage himself in a variety of ways to alleviate cognitive dissonance after making a purchase. These include:

1. Selectively forgetting information.
2. Minimising the importance of an issue, decision, or act.
3. Reversing a purchase decision; for instance, by taking a product back or selling it.
4. All of the above options are correct.

 

The qualities of ________________ are relative advantage, compatibility, intricacy, divisibility, and communicability.

1. Alternative evaluation
2. Dissonance-reducing buying behaviour
3. Influence of product on rate of adoption
4. Habitual buying behaviour

 

What factors influence a buyer's satisfaction or dissatisfaction with a purchase? The link between the consumer' expectations and the product's_____________ holds the answer.

1. Perceived performance
2. Brand personality
3. Recognition
4. Consumer market

 

When a customer buys a product, the marketer's job isn't done. The consumer will be satisfied or dissatisfied after acquiring the product and will engage in ____________.

1. Habitual buying behaviour
2. Alternative evaluation
3. Post-purchase behaviour
4. Variety-seeking buying behaviour

 

/ Module III Internal Influences on Buying Behaviour-I /

 

 

Marketers can use ………………. characteristics to "find" their target market.

1. Demographic
2. Social
3. Economic
4. Political

 

The distribution of openness to experience results throughout the trial. _________________ means that more folks have

many at that level.

1. Higher bars
2. Lower bars
3. Middle bars
4. None of the above

 

In all settings and for all products, there is no one model of consumer involvement, yet there are key elements in all cases. These are ..............................

1. Input, process, output
2. Output
3. Process
4. Input

 

Buyers have no .............................. to products/brands and their marketing programmes.

1. Response
2. Evaluation
3. Pavlov Ian response
4. None of the above

 

____________ is a significant shift from the qualitative (subjective) way of assessing personality.

1. Trait theory
2. Neo-Freudian theory
3. Psychoanalytic theory
4. Scientific theory

 

.............................. is defined as a state of mind that encourages consumers to notice product/service offerings, consumption patterns, and consumption behaviour.

1. Consumer involvement
2. Customer
3. Involvement
4. All of the above

 

The impact of emotions on judgements, assessments, and decisions is significant in psychology and_________________________.

1. Consumer behaviour
2. Consumer evaluation
3. Consumer
4. Consumer thoughts

 

Personality traits have an impact on ......................... features, feelings, and behaviour.

1. People’s patterns of thoughts
2. Thoughts
3. Consumer
4. Social Environment

 

In the study of consumer behaviour, three personality theories that are well-known are:

1. Psychological, emotional, social theory
2. Consumer involvement, customer involvement and marketing theory
3. Psychoanalytic theory, Neo-Freudian Theory and Trait Theory
4. None of the above

 

One of the most influential elements determining how and why consumers buy goods and services is their......................

1. Social position
2. Economic Status
3. Money
4. Mind set

 

A ____________ is a collection of complementary goods and services from a variety of industries.

1. Marketplace
2. Meta-market
3. Resource Market
4. Market Space

 

____________ marketplaces encompass a wide range of business and non-profit organisations that provide goods and services for the benefit of society, such as hospitals, government institutions, and schools.

1. Consumer
2. Business-to-business (Industrial)
3. Reseller
4. Institutional

 

Which of the following transactions is a transaction in which the organisation makes an initial purchase of an item to be utilised to fulfil a new job?

1. Purchase of a repurchase
2. Purchase postponed
3. Purchase of a new task
4. Purchase of a repurchase that has been modified

 

One of the most important jobs of marketers is to ___________ and to persuade customers that the product is worthwhile.

1. make products easily visible and available
2. promote sales of products
3. differentiate their products from those of competitors
4. do marketing surveys

 

A plant manager in a small manufacturer wants to boost employee morale. The plant's working conditions are safe, clean, and pleasant, according to the management, and the company's recent staff expansion has given employees confidence in their positions. Which of the following activities should the management do to ensure that Maslow's hierarchy's "belongingness" demands are met?

1. Pay bonuses to workers who achieve specified goals
2. Publicly praise those workers who have been most productive
3. Set up after-work clubs, such as a softball team to allow more social interaction
4. Foster the development of skills in workers who show talent in a particular area

 

A supervisor wants to boost the productivity of a group of clerical workers. According to Herzberg's view, ____ would be a good incentive.

1. Offering them a better health-care plan
2. Establishing a break room where co-workers may mingle
3. Providing them with opportunities for achievement and recognition
4. Remodelling their offices to make them more pleasant and comfortable

 

To start motivating an unmotivated employee, a manager asks her how satisfied she is with her job's ability to give safety, social contact, self-respect, and prospects for advancement. What motivational principle is this manager most likely attempting to implement in his or her work with the associate?

1. Maslow’s need hierarchy
2. Vroom’s expectancy theory
3. Herzberg’s two-factor theory
4. McClelland’s acquired needs theory

 

 

Module IV Internal Influences on Buying Behaviour-II /

 

 

A/An _______ is a person whose opinion or advice has an impact on a decision.

1. Attitude
2. Emotions
3. Brand
4. Influencer

 

Companies can benefit from ___________ research by learning about consumer habits and the external and internal factors that

influence their purchase decisions.

1. Human behaviour
2. Consumer behaviour
3. Seller behaviour
4. Behaviour

 

__________ is a person who decides on any aspect of a purchasing choice, such as whether to buy, what to buy, how to buy, or where to buy.

1. Consumer
2. Decider
3. Buyer
4. Influencer

 

__________ motives refer to a person's decision to pursue a goal based on personal or imagined factors.

1. Brand
2. Emotional
3. Decision
4. Consumer

 

________ is a reason for acting in a given way in a specific scenario, whether deliberately or unknowingly.

1. Behaviour
2. Consumer
3. Influences
4. Motivation

 

People develop their own thoughts and styles as a result of a variety of internal and external ________________.

1. Influences
2. Fluencies
3. Marketing
4. Behaviour

 

A business organisation's specific endeavour to expand its products apart from competitors and to generate a pleasant attitude toward customers with its products is known as ___________.

1. Price placement
2. Place placement
3. Product placement
4. Package placement

 

A consumer or user of a product or service is known as a _____________.

1. User
2. Buyer
3. Influencer
4. Initiator

 

Clear my choice

The individual who makes the actual purchase is referred to as ____________.

1. Buyer
2. Influencer
3. User
4. Initiator

 

The proclivity to respond positively or negatively to a specific concept, item, person, or situation is known as___________.

1. Attitude
2. Emotions
3. Behaviour
4. Influence

 

M r. Smith purchases commodities and services for use in the manufacture of products that are sold and distributed to others .M r. Smith is a participant in __________.

1. Consumer buying behaviour
2. Post-purchase dissonance
3. Retail buyer behaviour
4. Business buyer behaviour

 

Which type of behaviour is demonstrated by a person while purchasing milk?

1. Extensive problem-solving behaviour
2. Routinized buying behaviour
3. Variety seeking behaviour
4. None of the above

 

By increasing customer share, _______________ and capturing customer lifetime value, holistic marketers can accomplish profitable growth.

1. Undermining competitive competencies
2. Building customer loyalty
3. Milking the market for product desires
4. Renewing a customer base

 

According to the ________, an organisation's mission is to determine the needs, wants and interests of target markets and to supply required satisfactions more effectively and efficiently than competitors while maintaining or improving the consumer's and society's well-being.

1. Customer-centred business
2. Focused business model
3. Societal marketing concept
4. Ethically responsible marketing

 

A _____________ is a person's way of life as reflected through their activities, interests, and perspectives.

1. Role
2. Status
3. Position
4. Lifestyle

 

A corporation is selling to the__________ if it creates products and services for the goal of reselling or renting them to others for a profit, or for use in the creation of more products and services.

1. Business market
2. International market
3. Consumer market
4. Private sector market

 

Consumers frequently pick and use brands that reflect how they see themselves, also known as the _____________.

1. Psychographics
2. Personality
3. Demographics
4. Lifestyle

 

 

/ Module 5 Consumer Decision Process

 

Many people believe that when a consumer gives___________, it is the most significant aspect in sales.

1. Service
2. Money
3. Travel
4. Decision

 

The ____________theory is concerned with how you perceive social media's usage of information in determining the root

causes of occurrences. It investigates what data is gathered and how it is combined to arrive at a causal conclusion.

1. Consumer Decision Making
2. Decision Making
3. Buying decision
4. Attribution

 

Before, during, and after the purchase of a good or service, customers use the _____________process to make decisions about market transactions.

1. Buying decision
2. Situational Influences
3. Situational theories
4. Decision Making

 

A customer ______________visualises the actions of a perceived customer. Use it to empathise with your customers as they attempt to complete a purchase.

1. Map
2. Travel
3. Money
4. Travel map

 

__________ is the characteristic sets of behaviours, cognitions, and emotional patterns that evolve as a result of biological and environmental variables.

1. People
2. Situation
3. Behaviour
4. Personality

 

_________________are temporary conditions that affect how buyers behave whether they actually buy your product, buy additional products, or buy nothing at all from you.

1. Travel Map
2. Situational Theories
3. Situational influences
4. Decision Making

 

The assumption behind ____________of leadership is that the most successful style of leadership varies depending on the scenario.

1. Situational Influences
2. Situational theories
3. Decision Making
4. Buying Decision

 

In the customer decision-making process, there are _______ basic steps. Customers investigate products before making a purchase using this method.

1. Four
2. Five
3. Six
4. Eight

 

Problem detection, information searching, alternative evaluation, decision making, and post-purchase evaluation are all part of the ______________ process that customers go through when determining what to buy.

1. Consumer Decision Making
2. Decision Making
3. Buying decision
4. Situational Influences

 

Recognising the requirement for a ___________ is the first stage in the consumer decision-making process.

1. Service or product
2. Service
3. Product
4. Goods

 

Which of the following notions describes a social and management process by which individuals and organisations achieve what they need and want through value creation?

1. Selling
2. Advertising
3. Barter
4. Marketing

 

The consumer is ________ if the performance matches their expectations.

1. Satisfied
2. Dissatisfied
3. Delighted
4. Happy

 

It is known as _____ when goods and services are purchased for use in the production or assembly of items that are sold and supplied to others.

1. Individual Buyer Behaviour
2. Business Buyer Behaviour
3. Consumer Buyer Behaviour
4. Secondary Buyer Behaviour

 

When a buyer identifies a _____, the purchase procedure begins.

1. Product or Service
2. Shop or Market
3. Need or Problem
4. Money or Status

 

The greater the difference between expectations and performance in terms of post-purchase behaviour:

1. The greater likelihood of repurchase.
2. The greater the customer’s dissatisfaction.
3. The less likely the consumer will be influenced by advertising.
4. The less likely the consumer will need sales confirmation and support.

 

The mental process by which an individual progresses from first hearing about an innovation to final adoption is known as ______________.

1. Adoption process
2. Consumption process
3. Innovation process
4. New product development process

 

In most cases, the consumer's purchasing decision will be to buy the most chosen brand, but there are two elements that can intervene between purchase intention and purchase decision. The easiest way to describe these two aspects is as follows:

1. The cost and availability of the product
2. The attitude of others and the cost of the product
3. The availability of the product and unexpected situational factors
4. The attitude of others and unexpected situational factors

 

Assignment 2

 

CASE STUDY

Consumer Culture on a Global Scale

Global consumer culture is being driven by the spread of market-oriented enterprises into every corner of the globe. "At the same time, ideology and social process" of market mediation are "continually produced and reconstructed through constantly evolving contacts, practises, and technology," according to global consumer culture. The growth of global consumer culture is influenced by the global mobility of diverse cultural resources, such as finances capes, techno capes, ideoscapes, andmediascapes. Finances capes are the global flows of cash and currencies, as well as the myriad financial instruments that keep markets running. This can be seen in the futures market, remittances, and the microfinance revolution. Remittance companies have permitted both global workforce mobility and the transfer of spending resources to the global south. The microfinance revolution has also provided access to market forms of financing and consumption to the world's impoverished. Techno capes are cross-border fluxes of informational and mechanical technologies, both basic and complex. The world wide cell phone revolution is a good example. The formation of a feeling of global identity and memory, which is critical to any cultural identity, is dependent on global media in global consumer culture. As a result, global consumption spectacles such as millennial celebrations, the quadrennial World Cup, and Olympic festivals are linked to rise of consumer culture. Ideologieescapes are ideologies that contend for popular legitimacy and authority in states and other movements. Demand localisation and heterogeneity, as well as competitiveness and opposition to multinational businesses and brands, have all been driven by the globalisation and standardisation of modern consumer culture around the world. The anti-consumer No Logo movement, a rejectionist offshoot of Islamic fundamentalism that considers cinema, music, fashion, and other consumer culture trappings to be anathema, as well as more reformist groups like the local food and Slow Food movements, are examples of ideologies. As a result of these earth scraping processes, globalisation means that cultural exchanges are increasingly widespread, leading to an increase in interest in identity creation, not least through consumerism. As a result, global consumer culture encompasses the globalisation of desires, the responsibility to seek an individual sense of self through material symbols, the need to conform, the allure of a market-mediated material world, homogenised images of the good life, and a social fragmentation experience on the receiving end of globalisation that fuels idealist and rejectionist reactions.

 

__________ grow as a result of their riches, talents, and power.

1. Economical classes
2. Purchasing communities
3. Competitors
4. Social classes

 

The population of huge countries is going to lose a lot of its homogeneity, and thus_________________ arise.

1. Multilingual needs
2. Cultures
3. Subcultures
4. Product adaptation requirements

 

Geographical areas, religions, nations, ethnic groups, and age are all factors in ______.

1. Multilingual needs
2. Cultures
3. Subcultures
4. Product adaptation requirements

 

In recent years, ____________ has become increasingly vital for building a marketing plan.

1. Change in consumers' attitudes
2. Inflation of the dollar
3. The concept and the brand
4. Age groups, such as the teen market, baby boomers, and the mature market

 

Marketers are continually on the lookout for ___________ in order to find new items that are likely to be popular.

1. Opinion graphics
2. Dissonant groups
3. Cultural shifts
4. Benchmarks

 

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